Attempting DIY ductless AC installation is not the best approach, even though a mini-split seems simpler than a central system. You may not achieve the efficiency and comfort improvements a ductless AC can provide. A ductless air conditioning system requires complex tasks to install and ensure it works properly. When installed correctly, it’s great for an older or smaller home and is suited for basements, attics, home offices, and other spaces. Even better, many systems can be paired with a heat pump for heating or cooling.
A DIY ductless AC installation can enable you to:
- Eliminate labor costs
- Choose what components to use
- Modify the system as needed
- Complete the project on your schedule
- Use basic tools, such as screwdrivers, a drill, and a saw
However, as with any type of HVAC system, DIY installation is a gamble. We’ll examine the steps to setting up a ductless AC and whether you should install one without the aid of a professional.
How to Install a Ductless AC System
A ductless AC system consists of a condensing unit, indoor air handler, and refrigerant line that connects them. Some mini-split systems come with a pre-charged refrigerant line, but these are smaller units designed to provide temperature control in just one room (charging refrigerant requires a professional with the proper experience and certification).
Here’s a look at the general installation process:
- Choose a Ductless System: First, decide on a system suited for your home. The options include:
- Single-zone ductless systems: These heat or cool one area. The smallest and simplest type, they consist of a single condenser unit and a single air handler.
- Dual-zone ductless systems: These systems heat or cool two areas separately by using two air handlers linked to one condenser unit.
- Multi-zone systems: These systems consist of several air handlers and allow for independent temperature control in rooms throughout the home.
- Perform a Load Calculation: A load calculation factors in the square footage, layout, insulation, window count, and other variables to determine the size of the outdoor and indoor components. An improperly sized system won’t be efficient or provide the right level of comfort. It can also wear out more quickly and require more repairs.
- Install the Air Handler(s): Indoor units must be placed at least six feet from the floor, away from a heat source, and be unobstructed. Each one should be anchored directly to the wall studs with a mounting plate and bracket. Behind the unit, a three-inch hole is drilled for the conduit; it contains the refrigerant lines, electrical cable, and drain tubing. The unit must be properly lifted, connected to the conduit, and secured using manufacturer-supplied hardware.
- Install the Outdoor Unit: The condenser unit can be installed on an outside wall, the roof, or the ground. Ground installation requires setting the unit on a pad. Connect the pipes, tubing, and wires from the indoor unit. Pre-charged lines don’t have to be cut. If any lines need to be cut and charged, you will need a professional; otherwise, you could be exposed to hazardous refrigerant.
Risks of DIY Ductless AC Installation
If you so choose to try ductless AC installation, we highly recommend calling an HVAC professional to inspect the system. They can verify the connections are correct and secure. Additionally, a licensed technician can safely handle refrigerant and you may also need an electrician to run electrical lines or install a 220-volt circuit from the breaker panel to the disconnect switch.
However, installing a ductless AC yourself in any capacity is risky. The risks of DIY installation include:
- The System May Not Work Properly: A lack of knowledge and expertise increases the risk of installation mistakes. These can be costly as the system may work inefficiently, increasing your energy bills. The unit may also be damaged, so you’ll have to pay to repair or replace it.
- No Warranty or Professional Support: Manufacturer warranties are typically not included unless a certified professional installs the system. This means any repairs won’t be covered and you’ll have to first find a qualified contractor and then pay them for the full price of service.
- The Process Is More Time-Consuming: Without the proper tools or experience, installing the system takes much longer and can be frustrating. A professional has the training, experience, and technical skills to work efficiently and get your system up and running in a shorter time.
- You Can Cause Property Damage: Ductless AC installation requires mounting heavy units, cutting holes in the wall, running refrigerant lines, and working with electrical cables and other components. The condensate line must also be run properly, or you risk a water leak and mold. If any mistakes are made with wiring, an electrical fire can occur.
- You Could Be Injured: If you’re not careful or familiar with the work, you risk an electrical shock or fire. Lifting heavy equipment is also risky. And, if an air handler is improperly mounted, it can fall off the wall, severely injuring anyone sitting beneath it.
- Frequent Repairs and Early Replacement: An improperly sized or installed ductless AC may break down often, resulting in frequent, high repair bills. While a ductless unit can last for 20+ years, increased wear and frequent repairs mean it won’t last that long.
Call Air Stars for Ductless AC Installation
Air Stars is trusted for high-quality AC installation, repair, and maintenance throughout the Willamette Valley. We’re proud to offer a full range of heating and cooling services by licensed, certified, and experienced technicians. Our team ensures every ductless AC installation is flawless and results in years of reliable and efficient performance. To learn more or schedule service, call (503) 455-7311 today.
